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英语定语从句选准关系代词和关系副词 一、选准关系代词和关系副词 在定语从句中，关系代词或关系副词都代替先行词在从句中充当一定的成分，如果该从句中缺少主语、表语、宾语或定语，就要用关系代词来连接从句；如果从句中缺少状语，就得用关系副词来连接从句。例如： (1) I still remember the days which / that we spent together. (2) I still remember the days when we worked together. 二、了解仅用that 引导限制性定语从句的几种情况 that 在限制性定语从句中既可指人又可指事或物。在下列情况下，只能用that 来引导定语从句： 1. 先行词是all , much, few, little, everything, anything, nothing 等不定代词时。例如： Is there anything that you want to buy? 2. 先行词被all, few, little, much, every, some, no等词修饰或被the only, the very, the same, the last 等限定词修饰时。例如： These are all the pictures that I have seen. This is the very dictionary that is of great help. 3. 先行词既指人又指物时。例如：My father and his teacher talked a lot about the things and the persons that they could remember. 4. 关系代词在定语从句中作表语时。例如： Our school is not the one that it used to be. 5. 先行词被形容词最高级或序数词修饰时。例如： This is the best English film that I have ever seen. The first English novel that I read was A Tale of Two Cities. 6. 主句是who 或which 引导的特殊问句时。例如： Who is the girl that is standing under the tree? Which is the machine that we used last Sunday? 三、把握“介词＋关系代词”结构中介词的选用 介词的选择与主句中先行词的搭配密切相关。例如： That's the reason for which he was late for school. This is the book on which I spent 8 yuan. 注意： 1. 定语从句中谓语动词是含有介词的动词短语时，介词应放在动词之后，不能拆开放在关系代词前。例如： This is the key which you are looking for. This is the baby whom you will look after. 2. 该结构中，关系代词指人时用whom，指物时用which. 非谓语动词 非谓语动词包括不定式、动词ing和过去分词等几种形式，这是历年高考必考内容，每年都会有1-2题涉及该部分要点。考点集中在：非谓语动词作定语的区别;动名词和不定式作宾语的用法比较;现在分词和过去分词的用法 比较;特定句型中非谓语动词的用法等。 【高考考点透视】 1.非谓语动词的构成和语法功能及用法对比。 2.非谓语动词的完成式、被动式的用法和特点。 3.非谓语动词的复合结构及否定形式。 4.不定式与动名词，动名词与现在分词，现在分词与过去分词，分词作状语与独立结构等用法对比。 5.不定式和动名词在及物动词后作宾语的区别是考查的热点。 6.过去分词 作定语，不定式和分词作宾语补足语的用法。 7.不定式标志to和介词to的用法判断等。 8.带to与不带to的不定式的用法及区别。 
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